standardization

standardization
In order to facilitate comparisons between different groups, data are standardized to some common basis. The simplest method is converting frequency counts into percentages, so that all values are shown to the common base of 100, or into decimal fractions of the total sum treated as unity (1.00). If the arithmetic mean (see central tendency (measures of) and standard deviation (see variation )) are known, values can be divided by the standard deviation, thus treating the mean as the centre of the data and each case as a plus or minus deviation from it; the procedure is repeated for all sub-groups to be compared. Other procedures are used, depending on the methods of analysis to be applied to the data. See also index.

Dictionary of sociology. 2013.

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